Czeslaw Michniewicz's men are top of the group as things stand but a defeat in their next outing could see them suffer an early exit from the World Cup.
Lionel Scaloni's men, on the other hand, need a win to guarantee their place in the last 16, but a draw would also be enough provided the second group fixture between Saudi Arabia and Mexico also ends all-square.
Here, Sports Mole looks at how the squads of Poland and Argentina compare against each other ahead of Wednesday's contest.
POLAND
Most valuable player:
Robert Lewandowski (£38.7m)
Overall squad value:
£219.9m
Most capped player:
Robert Lewandowski (136)
Leading goalscorer:
Robert Lewandowski (77)
Total caps:
924
Total goals:
159
Oldest player:
Artur Jedrzejczyk (35)
Youngest player:
Jakub Kaminski (20)
Average age:
27
SQUAD IN FULL
Goalkeepers: Wojciech Szczesny (Juventus), Lukasz Skorupski (Bologna), Bartlomiej Dragowski (Spezia)
Defenders: Kamil Glik (Benevento), Bartosz Bereszynski (Sampdoria), Jan Bednarek (Aston Villa), Matty Cash (Aston Villa), Robert Gumny (Augsburg), Artur Jedrzejczyk (Legia Warsaw), Jakub Kiwior (Spezia), Mateusz Wieteska (Clermont), Nicola Zalewski (Roma)
Midfielders: Piotr Zielinski (Napoli) Kamil Grosicki (Pogon Szczecin), Grzegorz Krychowiak (Al-Shabab), Damian Szymanski (AEK) Sebastian Szymanski (Feyenoord), Przemyslaw Frankowski (Lens), Krystian Bielik (Birmingham City), Jakub Kaminski (Wolfsburg), Michal Skoras (Lech Poznan), Szymon Zurkowski (Fiorentina)
Forwards: Robert Lewandowski (Barcelona), Arkadiusz Milik (Juventus), Krzysztof Piatek (Salernitana), Karol Swiderski (Charlotte)
ARGENTINA
Most valuable player:
Lautaro Martinez (£65m)
Overall squad value:
£558.9m
Most capped player:
Lionel Messi (167)
Leading goalscorer:
Lionel Messi (93)
Total caps:
918
Total goals:
168
Oldest player:
Franco Armani (36)
Youngest player:
Thiago Almada (21)
Average age:
27.8
SQUAD IN FULL
Goalkeepers: Emiliano Martinez (Aston Villa), Geronimo Rulli (Villarreal), Franco Armani (River Plate)
Defenders: Nahuel Molina (Atletico Madrid), Gonzalo Montiel (Sevilla), Cristian Romero (Tottenham Hotspur), German Pezzella (Real Betis), Nicolas Otamendi (Benfica), Lisandro Martinez (Manchester United), Marcos Acuna (Sporting Lisbon), Nicolas Tagliafico (Lyon), Juan Foyth (Villarreal)
Midfielders: Rodrigo De Paul, (Atletico Madrid), Leandro Paredes (Juventus), Alexis Mac Allister (Brighton & Hove Albion), Guido Rodriguez (Real Betis), Papu Gomez (Sevilla), Enzo Fernandez (Benfica), Exequiel Palacios (Bayer Leverkusen)
Forwards: Angel Di Maria (Juventus), Lautaro Martinez (Inter Milan), Julian Alvarez (Manchester City), Nicolas Gonzalez (Fiorentina), Joaquin Correa (Inter Milan), Paulo Dybala (AS Roma), Lionel Messi (Paris Saint-Germain)
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