After pulling out of the Australia squad during the international break with a muscle problem, Mooy missed Celtic's 2-0 Scottish Premiership win away against Ross County last weekend.
Taylor, meanwhile, was taken off in the closing stages of the victory in Dingwall as a precaution after sustaining a knock.
Postecoglou has since revealed that both players will be available for selection on Saturday, although the Hoops will have to cope without injured trio Reo Hatate, Liel Abada and James Forrest.
Abada (knock) and Forrest (muscle) both require more time in the treatment room, while Hatate picked up a hamstring injury in the 3-1 win against Hibernian just before the international break and has failed to recover in time for Saturday's battle with the Gers.
Speaking at a press conference on Friday, Postecoglou said: "Reo hasn't come up but Aaron is fine so from last week, the only change is Aaron's available.
"It's disappointing for Reo because he enjoys playing in these games and has had a major impact when he's played.
"He tried to be available but it hasn't quite worked out so you're always disappointed for the player.
"From a team perspective, we get Aaron back which is great for us and we have good quality in the middle of the park so we're still confident the team we put out there will be able to perform to the levels we need."
Celtic currently hold a nine-point lead at the top of the Premiership table with eight games remaining and they head into Saturday's Old Firm derby having won all 15 top-flight home matches this season.
Although a victory over Rangers would significantly boost Celtic's chances of retaining the title, Postecoglou insists there is still work to be done beyond this weekend to ensure they end the campaign at the summit.
"It will be exactly three points. If we win the game it furthers that distance with games running out and we understand that it could have a major impact in terms of the end of the season, but ultimately nothing gets decided on the weekend," the Australian added.
"The players understand that and they're really good at focusing on what's before us right now and that's playing the team closest to us and we have an opportunity to extend our lead at the top.
"Irrespective of the outcome we still need to follow up the next weekend and perform again."
Postecoglou continued: "All we can do is play the game and I think play it with a mentality of being really competitive and trying to perform to the best of our ability.
"We don't think we have to do anything different in the way we approach the game. We want to put our best foot forward and excite our fans."
Celtic are unbeaten in their last five league meetings against Rangers, while they came out on top in the most recent clash between the two Glaswegian giants, winning 2-1 in the Scottish League Cup final at the end of February.