The Gunners made the trip to Bramall Lane on the back of scoring 25 goals in their opening six top-flight wins of the year, eleven of which had come in their previous two away matches.
Arsenal earned their biggest-ever Premier League road win with a 6-0 slaughter of West Ham United, before hitting Burnley for five and also putting four past Newcastle United on home soil.
Facing a Sheffield United side who had shipped five goals in each of their previous three home games, the script was written for Arsenal to prolong Chris Wilder's misery at Bramall Lane, and the Gunners were in another merciless mood in Sheffield.
A men-against-boys first half saw Declan Rice, Kai Havertz, Gabriel Martinelli and Martin Odegaard register for Arsenal alongside a Jayden Bogle own goal, before Ben White added a sublime sixth in front of the away end.
Arteta's men failed to find a seventh in the short time that remained - thereby missing out on setting a new club record for their most emphatic away league win in history - but a slice of English football heritage now belongs to Arsenal.
By hitting Sheffield United for six, the Gunners became the first team in England's top four leagues to win three successive away matches by at least five goals, and just the second to hit a quintet of strikes in the same sequence of top-tier matches.
Only the Burnley team of 1961-62 - who finished second in the First Division that year - had ever scored five or more goals in three straight English top-flight games away from home, and Arsenal's Premier League record in 2024 now reads seven wins from seven.
Captain Odegaard was at the heart of Arsenal's mesmerising display, creating four chances after his clinical first-time finish for the visitors' opener, and the Norwegian hailed his side's "unbelievable" work off the ball amid their goalscoring prowess on it.
"We have done really good and controlled the game, we knew what their game was like and when we had the ball we were in a good mood and created a lot - a solid and nice performance," Odegaard told Sky Sports News.
"We wanted to keep the momentum going and wanted to start strong, places like this can be tricky if you don't start well and we didn't stop from there.
"I think it's unbelievable the work we do without the ball. We won 6-0 today and recently we have won a lot, but the work we do without the ball from the front to the goalkeeper is really good and it is a pleasure to be a part of.
"We work on getting enough people in the box, for myself I like to come from the deep and end up on the penalty spot. The front players attack other areas and one of us will get the ball and score hopefully."
Arsenal remain two points behind Liverpool and one adrift of Manchester City in third place in the Premier League table, but they now boast the most goals (68) and best goal difference (+45) in the division.
Next up for Arteta's men is a London derby against Brentford at the Emirates on Saturday evening.