The Yorkshire side went ahead at West Ham thanks to a glorious volley from Rodrigo in the first half, lifting them out of the relegation zone and seeing Everton take their place.
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Leeds had given themselves the opportunity to go into the final day of the Premier League and their last game of the campaign with the power firmly in their hands in the relegation battle.
But goals from Declan Rice, Jarrod Bowen and Manuel Lanzini turned the scenes in the away end from that of a party to that of heartbreak as Sam Allardyce's side capitulated and lost 3-1.
As a result, Leeds remain third from bottom, two points off fourth-from-bottom Everton, who also have a superior goal difference of three goals.
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Two Premier League relegation spots remain, with Southampton already demoted and sitting firmly at the foot of the table on 24 points.
Leicester sit second from bottom on 30 points and Leeds are still third from bottom on 31 following Sunday's match.
The Toffees' 1-1 draw against Wolves on Saturday may well prove to be crucial this time next week when they face Bournemouth at home.
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However should Leicester win on Monday against Newcastle, the Toffees - who have 33 points - will be pushed back into the bottom three again, with the Foxes boasting superior goal difference by five goals.
Even if Leicester lose against the Magpies, they could still stave off relegation on the final day versus West Ham.
That's providing Leeds don't beat Tottenham at home and Everton don't win, either.
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