The left-back started in a dead-rubber World Cup qualifying match against previously unbeaten Denmark, helping his side to a surprise 2-0 win.
Captain Robertson was then forced to leave the field in the 79th minute, clutching his hamstring as he was replaced by Scott McKenna.
Jurgen Klopp could be without as many as NINE first team players when Liverpool's campaign resumes against Arsenal on November 20.
Robertson joins Jordan Henderson, Roberto Firmino, James Milner and Naby Keita in the treatment room with short-term hamstring issues.
Star forward Sadio Mane will likely be out for a longer period with a rib issue, along with Joe Gomez who has suffered a foot injury.
Curtis Jones is a doubt for the home tie against Arsenal after suffering a scratched eye, while Harvey Elliott is the side's longest-term absence.
Elliott, 18, returned from a loan spell at Blackburn Rovers last season to surprisingly claim a spot in Klopp's starting eleven, impressing with a string of composed performances.
However, the teen star dislocated his ankle during a challenge from Leeds Pascal Struijk back at the start of September, but has recently been seen running back at training, boosting hopes he could return before the end of the season.
Liverpool were thrown into a defensive crisis last term, losing all three of their first choice centre-back options to injury for the entirety of the campaign, as well as seeing midfield replacements Henderson and Fabinho taken out for extended spells.
The Reds dropped from top of the league at Christmas to mid-table, before a late climb back into the top four.
Former Leipzig defender Ibrahima Konate was the club's only summer signing when he joined for £35million, but Klopp will again have to make do with a lack of options as his side attempt to recover from a 3-2 loss to West Ham last time out.