Evreux (French pronunciation: [evʁo]) is a commune in and the capital of the department of Eure, in the French region of Normandy.
History
In late Antiquity, the town, attested in the fourth century CE, was named Mediolanum Aulercorum, "the central town of the Aulerci", the Gallic tribe then inhabiting the area. Mediolanum was a small regional centre of the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis. Julius Caesar wintered eight legions in this area after his third campaigning season in the battle for Gaul (56-55 BC): Legiones VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII and XIV.
The present-day name of Evreux originates from the Gallic tribe of Eburovices, literally Those who overcome by the yew?, from the Gaulish root eburos.
Counts of Evreux
The first known members of the family of the counts of Evreux were descended from an illegitimate son of Richard I, duke of Normandy; these counts became extinct in the male line with the death of Count William in 1118. The county passed in right of Agnes, William's sister, wife of Simon de Montfort-l'Amaury (died 1087) to the house of the lords of Montfort-l'Amaury. Amaury VI de Montfort-Evreux ceded the title in 1200 to King Philip Augustus, whose successor Philip the Fair presented it in 1307 to his brother Louis d'Evreux, for whose benefit Philip the Long raised the county of Evreux into a peerage of France in 1317.
Philip d'Evreux, son of Louis, became king of Navarre by his marriage to Joan II of Navarre, daughter of Louis the Headstrong, and their son Charles the Bad and their grandson Charles the Noble were also kings of Navarre. The latter ceded his counties of Evreux, Champagne and Brie to King Charles VI of France in 1404.
In 1427 the county of Evreux was bestowed by King Charles VII on Sir John Stewart of Darnley (c. 1365–1429), the commander of his Scottish bodyguard, who in 1423 had received the seigniory of Aubigny, and in February 1427/8 he was granted the right to qua