The Red Devils were battered 5-0 by their bitter rivals in what was Ole Gunnar Solskjaer's most embarrassing defeat yet at Old Trafford.
It was a five-star performance from Liverpool at the Theatre of Dreams, with Keita getting the ball rolling with the opening goal in the fifth minute after a lovely team move.
Keita then provided the key pass to play in Trent Alexander-Arnold, whose cross was converted by Diogo Jota to make it 2-0, with the Guinean ace then providing the assist for Mohamed Salah's first of three goals.
His hat-trick made Egyptian King the star man for the Old Trafford thumping, but Keita's performance was arguably his best in a Liverpool shirt since joining the club for £52million in 2018 - the midfielder answering his critics following a poor performance against Atletico Madrid in the Champions League.
However, his outing came to a premature end in the second-half when he left the field on a stretcher following a rash lunge from Pogba, which resulted in the United star being sent off - his yellow card being turned red after a VAR review.
The extent of Keita's injury is unclear, but Klopp confirmed after the match that the midfielder was in a lot of pain after the challenge.
Klopp, whose side move to second in the Premier League with the victory, said: "Naby Keita - we have to see, it was full throttle on the shin.
"We have to see how serious it is. Very painful. We will know more tomorrow or the day after.
"He looks OK in the dressing room, but we will see."
Klopp was delighted with his side's finishing, although admitted the famous win came at a cost in the shape of injuries to Keita and James Milner.
"In front of goal we were exceptional," said the German boss. "We were clinical, we were ruthless and our high press was outstanding.
"All these kind of things you want to see worked out great. The difference is we don't usually score from each situation we have and that's what we did and why we were 4-0 up at half-time.
"Second half, early 5-0 and the red card. Game over so just control it and try and get home healthy. I'm not 100% sure that worked out.
"It didn't work out obviously. Milly is injured and Naby as well. We have to see how serious it is. It was very painful but we'll see. We won't know until tomorrow or the day after tomorrow."
Klopp continued: "Naby's in a great moment. He is an outstanding player.
"We spoke about the game at Atletico.
"He played outstandingly well until he made the mistake for the goal from the set-piece and that shattered him a little.
"That should not happen obviously, that is clear. But in such an atmosphere against such a club, when you're thinking about the wrong things it can happen.
"It was clear we would start him again because he is in really good shape and he proved us right."