On Sunday, the National League leaders upset the odds to defeat League One frontrunners Portsmouth, prevailing by a 1-0 scoreline.
Paul Cook's side will now face another third-tier club in the form of Leyton Orient in one of the pick of the ties.
Wigan Athletic - the 2013 winners - will travel to either Chester FC or York City, while Wrexham will go up against National League South club Yeovil Town.
Oxford United, who are the highest-placed side left in the competition at this stage, will meet either Slough Town or Grimsby Town.
Notts County square off against Shrewsbury Town in another eye-catching tie, while Walsall's reward for seeing off Sheppey United is another away fixture against non-league opposition in Alfreton Town.
Reading will make the trip to the South coast to meet Eastleigh, while Aldershot Town - who defeated Swindon Town 7-4 in a remarkable contest on Saturday - will play League Two leaders Stockport County.
FA Cup second-round draw in full:
Maidstone United vs. Barrow
Wycombe Wanderers vs. Morecambe
Notts County vs. Shrewsbury Town
Chesterfield vs. Leyton Orient
Aldershot Town vs. Stockport County
Alfreton Town vs. Walsall
Blackpool vs. Scarborough Athletic/Forest Green Rovers
Cambridge United vs. Kidderminster Harriers/Fleetwood Town
Bolton Wanderers vs. Harrogate Town
Wrexham vs. Yeovil Town
Crewe Alexandra/Derby County vs. Bristol Rovers
Peterborough United/Salford City vs. Doncaster Rovers/Accrington Stanley
Eastleigh vs. Reading
Gillingham vs. Charlton Athletic/Cray Valley PM
Stevenage vs. Port Vale/Burton Albion
Newport County vs. Barnet
Oxford United vs. Slough Town/Grimsby Town
Chester/York City vs. Wigan Athletic
Sutton United vs. Barnsley/Horsham
AFC Wimbledon vs. Ramsgate