The two English giants played out a 1-1 draw in their Premier League showdown at Old Trafford after a Moises Caicedo volley cancelled out a penalty from Bruno Fernandes.
As well as being disappointed to only earn a share of the spoils at the Theatre of Dreams, Chelsea were left furious by a challenge on Palmer during the closing minutes of the game.
After attempting to flick the ball over the head of Lisandro Martinez, Palmer was taken out by a knee-high tackle from Lisandro Martinez.
Despite being late and nowhere close to the ball, VAR agreed with the referee that it was only a foul deemed worthy of a yellow card.
Maresca left furious
Chelsea head coach Enzo Maresca did not hide his anger after the game, revealing the disagreement that he had with the officials over the incident.
He told reporters, as quoted by The Independent: "I know I will be asked about the referee's decision and I think it's quite clear for almost all of us, but the referee is there to make the decision and he took a different decision.
"I told [the referee] at the end of the game that if you don't go for the ball and you just go for the player it is a red. When there's no intention to go for the ball and you go for the player's legs, for me there's no doubt for the decision. I think it's quite clear that it was a red."
According to The Telegraph, Palmer will undergo a scan to discover whether he has suffered any lasting damage.
Ice was put on the 22-year-old's knee after the game and Chelsea are hopeful that they will continue to have Palmer available for selection.
Nevertheless, the club's medical staff are yet to determine whether the England international will be forced to miss any of their upcoming fixtures.
A week to recover
Having been left out of the squad for the Conference League until after Christmas, Palmer is not available for Thursday's encounter against FC Noah.
That leaves him with extra days to recover for the London derby with Arsenal on November 10, the final game before the next international break.
Chelsea are then not back in action until they meet Leicester City at the King Power Stadium on November 23.