The 24-year-old joined Spurs' academy in the summer of 2008 and has made one senior appearance for the club since coming through the youth ranks.
Whiteman's senior debut for Tottenham came as a substitute in a Europa League tie versus Ludogorets in November 2020, where he kept a clean sheet in a 4-0 win after replacing Joe Hart in the 82nd minute.
Despite failing to become an important part of Antonio Conte's plans, Whiteman has committed his future to the club for the next two years as Spurs work around a goalkeeping injury dilemma.
Hugo Lloris will spend a few more weeks on the sidelines with a knee problem, leaving Whiteman and Brandon Austin to provide backup to current deputy Fraser Forster.
Whiteman was on the bench for Spurs' Champions League last-16 first leg defeat to AC Milan last week, but he has not made a Premier League squad this season.
The former England Under-19 international enjoyed two separate loan spells with Swedish side Degerfors between August 2021 and December 2022, keeping three clean sheets in 34 appearances.