The goalkeeper, who recently completed a deal to join Hibernian on a two-year-deal, has been a regular for Steve Clarke's side of late having been one of four stoppers named for Scotland's recent World Cup qualifier with Ukraine and their three UEFA Nations League fixtures.
However, after being capped 47 times for his country, the 37-year-old has made the decision to end his international career.
While admitting that it was a difficult decision, Marshall admits that the prospect of allowing Scotland's up-and-coming goalkeepers to shine on the international stage was behind his decision.
Speaking to the SFA website, he said: "I have thought long and hard about it since the disappointment of losing to Ukraine.
"I love playing for my country and the experience of helping the team to a major tournament has been the highlight of my career.
"I have memories of playing for Scotland that will last a lifetime but I also know what it is like as a young goalkeeper to have the opportunity.
"That was the overriding factor in my decision: Liam and Zander have been involved in recent squads for a while now and it is important that they can benefit from the experience of supporting Craig as No.1.
"The more I thought about it since the weekend, the more I was convinced it was the right thing to do before we start the Nations League campaign.
"My team-mates, the coaching staff and the backroom team all know how much I think of them, and I wish them all the best of luck for the coming games and in the campaigns ahead."
Marshall was the hero for Scotland as they sealed qualification for Euro 2020 via penalties in a qualifier against Serbia.