The forward has been a regular for the Catalan outfit during the 2023-24 campaign, featuring on 26 occasions in all competitions, scoring twice and registering four assists in the process.
Yamal became the youngest goalscorer in Spanish Super Cup history when he found the back of the net in Thursday's semi-final with Osasuna.
The attacker has already broken a number of records during the early stages of his senior career, including Barcelona's and La Liga's youngest goalscorer.
Should Yamal find the back of the net in Sunday's clash with Real Madrid, he would become the youngest goalscorer in the history of El Clasico at the age of 16 years and 185 days old.
Alfonso Navarro holds the record for the youngest goalscorer in the history of the famous fixture, finding the back of the net against Real Madrid at the age of 17 years and 356 days old in 1947.
Ansu Fati, meanwhile, is second on the list, with the forward, who is currently on loan at Brighton & Hove Albion from Barcelona, netting at the age of 17 years and 359 days old.
Yamal, who is also Spain's youngest-ever debutant and goalscorer, will therefore comfortably break the record if he registers this weekend.
The attacker will be chasing more records in the second half of the season, having the chance to become the youngest goalscorer in Champions League history when Barcelona face Napoli in the round of 16.
Barcelona boss Xavi was full of praise for Yamal following his goal against Osasuna in the semi-finals of the Spanish Super Cup.
"Lamine, with the ball, is amazing. He practically doesn't lose the ball, and he goes into every duel. Even apart from the goal, he was very good. He's an extraordinary talent," he told reporters.
Yamal has managed one goal and three assists in 19 La Liga appearances during the 2023-24 campaign, while he also featured in all six of Barcelona's Champions League group-stage fixtures.
Raphinha's hamstring injury could open the door for the Spaniard to come into the starting side against Real Madrid, with the former expected to be on the sidelines for the next month recording from the issue.