The Brazilian midfielder completed a season-long loan move to Anfield on transfer deadline day following a frustrating time with Juventus.
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The 26-year-old has struggled to maintain his fitness over recent months and has been limited to just one senior appearance for Jurgen Klopp's side since making the move to Merseyside, a 13-minute cameo in the Champions League clash with Napoli.
Arthur is keen to prove himself to the Liverpool fans and the first step to doing that is building up his match fitness.
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That's why he was selected as part of the under-21s side for their 1-0 defeat to Rochdale, playing 60 minutes against the League Two side.
It was his second appearance for the development side after playing 90 minutes in the under-21s' 2-1 victory over Leicester last weekend.
In a blast from the past, Arthur was replaced by Jay Spearing in the Papa John's Trophy clash.
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Spearing played 55 times for Liverpool before going on to enjoy a career with the likes of Bolton Wanderers, Blackpool and Tranmere Rovers.
Since then, the 33-year-old has returned to Anfield and is registered as a player-coach as he looks to build up his coaching experience while providing a helping hand to the Reds' development side, providing individual support to Liverpool's stars of tomorrow.