Gareth Southgate's side have also been drawn in the same group as Greece and Finland.
They were relegated from the A band in the last Nations League, finishing bottom of a group containing Germany, Italy and Hungary.
Wales are also in League B and are in a group with Iceland, Montenegro and Turkey.
Scotland are the only home nation in League A and they will face Croatia, Portugal and Poland.
Northern Ireland are in League C and will take on Bulgaria, Luxembourg and Belarus.
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The group phase of the competition will happen between September to November 2024, before the quarter-finals and play-offs happen in March 2025. The finals of the tournament in June 2025.
England are heavy favourites to win Group B2 and will be thankful they avoided a long trip to Kazakhstan under UEFA's excessive travel restriction rules, with the former Soviet republic placed in Group B3 instead.
The last competitive encounter between England and the Republic was a Euro 92 qualifier at Wembley, where a Niall Quinn goal cancelled out Lee Dixon's opener.
A friendly match in 1995 at Lansdowne Road had to be abandoned due to crowd trouble, and the teams' most recent meeting was a November 2020 friendly.
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Scotland got promoted to League A after winning their group which had the Republic of Ireland, Ukraine and Armenia and will have their work cut out for the next Nations League.
They're set to face some legends of the game with Portugal superstar Cristiano Ronaldo showing no sign of retiring from international duty and Robert Lewandowski is still representing his native Poland.
But Steve Clarke's side will be feeling confident having qualified for Euro 2024 with relative ease.
They kick off the tournament when they face hosts Germany on Friday June 14.